Research Paper to included Data Analysis Plan Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

To included Data Analysis Plan - Research Paper Example The same document reveals that among the general public, men are more likely (60%) to come across traumatic experiences that may trigger PTSD than do females (50%). However, women are more likely to develop the condition despite their lower rate of exposure, with a likelihood of 10% compared to men’s 4% (Gradus, 2014). At the same time, research has established that veterans who took part in different operations have varying rates of PTSD prevalence. This could be the result of varying intensities of the wars, and differing levels of exposure to other traumatic experiences. The Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) veterans have a prevalence of between 11% and 20%; Gulf War (Desert Storm) veterans have a 12% prevalence; and 30% of Vietnam War veterans have endured PTSD in their lifetime. Taking a look at the gender dimension in prevalence of PTSD among military personnel reveals that a higher percentage of women (55%) are exposed to sexual harassment than men (38%) (U.S. Department of Veteran Affairs, 2014; Haskell et al, 2010). Needless to say, these experiences elevate female veterans’ risk of developing PTSD. With this fact in mind, it is accurate to adjudge that female veterans are more prone to PTSD than are male veterans. It is these assertions on higher prevalence of PTSD among veterans and among females in society (both in the general public and the veteran community) that this research seeks to investigate. None of the literature material consulted appears to point at the implications of longer or shorter exposure on the prevalence of PTSD among veterans. The researcher delves into this issue by seeking to establish whether those who have been in the battlefield for longer periods are equally likely to suffer PTSD as a result of accumulated traumatic experiences. As indicated, this research aims to investigate whether there

Modern Technology Effects Essay Example for Free

Modern Technology Effects Essay With advances in technology, student study habits have dramatically changed. Its affected the way classes are taught, students learn theories and the way information is presented. Gone are the days of slaving over books in the library and scribbling down notes on paper. Technology is changing the way kids learn in schools and at home. Students are now able to bring their work with them wherever they go because of laptop computers and handheld tablets, like the iPad. Having these electronic tools seems essential to all of us, including kids, nowadays and we wonder how we ever survived without them. Not too long ago, students were lucky to have one computer in their classrooms and the teacher wrote the lessons on a chalkboard. Now it is much more common to see each student with their own laptop or iPad and the teachers writing on smart-whiteboards that connect to these computers. With the way the world is becoming dependent on the use of technology in day-to-day life, it is good for the younger generation to learn a basic understanding of these tools, even though the software systems will most likely change by the time they enter the work force. Students are also able to do more complex tasks earlier on because of the capabilities of technology. However, this does present the problem of becoming dependent on these devices to solve these challenges, especially those above their learning level. Don’t you remember having to learn how to do math in your head before you were given a calculator to solve an equation? If students don’t learn how to problem-solve on their own, it may present challenges for them down the road because they expect to have the answer right at their fingertips. Recently psychologists at Columbia University released an article on the effect search engines and the Internet are having on our ability to memorize. which concluded that we are less likely to remember discrete information than we are where we found it, and that we only commit something to memory if we think we won’t be able to access it later, when we need it. While students are becoming more digitally advanced than the prior generation, it is good to learn the basics as well. Having a child read a book, write out a math problem, or do research in a library may not appeal to them as much as â€Å"playing† on an iPad, but it can only add to their education. Scope and Limitations Modern technology has always been considered as a gauge for an awareness of how developed a society is. With the influx of technological gadgets, modern technology is definitely beneficial to mankind. But, as with other scientific and technological discoveries, these gadgets have also taken its toll on those who are the main users of thee discoveries – the students. Twenty or so years ago, students would have to spend hours, and even days in the library, if they are to complete a research work. Answering assignments means that one will have to read chapter after chapter in their textbooks. Nowadays, vital information may be obtained by merely a click of the mouse. Everything is readily available at their fingertips, so to speak. Oftentimes, students say, â€Å"Thank God for the internet†. While this may be true, there are also harmful effects on students which may fall under the physical, psychological, emotional, mental and social aspect. Basically, students make use of the internet in answering assignments and doing research work. However, students would often be making use of social networking sites while simultaneously doing their assigned tasks. This means that the student is not a hundred percent focused on accomplishing what is required. It also takes them a longer time in completing the assigned task. As a result, the student therefore, is more physically exhausted, often spending the wee hours in the morning due to the fact that he or she is actually multi-tasking. It has been observed that almost every week, more updated gadgets are being introduced in the market. For the adolescent, who is in the third plane of development, there is this need to belong to a certain group. More often than not, social cliques mean dressing alike, thinking alike, and even having similar gadgets are some of the basis in order to be part of a specific group. Hence, the adolescent is psychologically, emotionally and even mentally affected if and when an updated version of these gadgets is out in the market. There is this need to have these gadgets in the hope of being â€Å"in† with the group. It is one way of satisfying the need to belong to a social group which means that it also affects the social aspect of the student. Having seen both sides of the coin, are modern gadgets beneficial or harmful to students? I would say both – there are beneficial and harmful effects not only to students but to anyone for that matter. The key is still in our hands. Remember that anything in excess could have negative results. Modern technology – including modern gadgets – has been invented for mankind’s convenience. Let us show gratitude to the men of the past who have painstakingly invented and devised ways to make life easier. Let us make use of modern technology effectively, wisely and responsibly.

The Four Functions of Management Essay -- essays research papers

The Four Functions of Management Management is the process of working with other and capital to achieve organizational goals. Also management is defining as creative problem solving. This creative problem solving is accomplished through the four functions of management: planning, organizing, leading and controlling. The intended result is the use of an organization's resources in a way that finish its mission and objectives. Every good manager, supervisor or leader does those tings both effectively and efficiently. At the present time in MEDDAC-Japan the organization in which I am employ, is working to reorganize some the way they offers services to the military community. Very interesting it is to see as the four functions of management in action. In the business world today, the great executives not only adapt to changing conditions but also apply fanatically, rigorously, consistently and with discipline the fundamental management principles. These fundamentals include the four traditional functions of management. They remain as relevant as ever, and they still provide the fundamentals that are needed in star ups as much as in established corporations. Management success is expanding through accomplishment of mission and objectives of the organization. Managers and leaders fail when they do not achieve mission and objectives established. Success and failure are attached in a straight line to the reasons for being in business, mission and objectives. On the other hand, accomplishing mission and objectives is not enough. Success requires equally effectiveness and efficiency. Managers, leaders and supervisor who achieve their mission and objectives are believed to be effective. Efficiency describes the connection between the amount of resources used (the input) and the amount to which objectives were accomplished (the output). However, management is complete only if the manager or team leader has become familiar with the specific situation in which he or she can develop and applied each one of the four function of management. The Functions Planning Planning is specifying the objective to be achieved and deciding in advance the correct action needed for the team or company to achieve those goals. Also is concerned with the future impact of today's decisions. Planning is a fundamental function of management from which the other three stem. The need for plann... ...nsult your people. 5. Define clearly the responsibilities being delegated to each person. Explain what is expected of the person and the bounds of their authority. Be sure agreement is reached where the person can function freely. 6. Give accurate and honest feedback. 7. Really delegate. Most responsible people do not appreciate someone looking over their shoulder, kibitzing, or taking back parts of their assignment before they have a chance to do it. 8. Stress the importance of evaluation. You must not overlook the need to evaluate and measure the extent to which your actions conformed to your plans, if the plans went well, or if the original plans were appropriate and worthwhile. References: U.S. Department of the Army. Army Headquarters. (1999, August) FM 22-100 Army Leadership: Be, Know, Do. Retrieved May 27, 2005, from https://akocomm.us.army.mil/usapa/doctrine/DR_pubs/dr_aa/pdf/fm22_100.pdf Bateman, T. S., & Snell, S. A. (2004). Management the New Competitive Landscape. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Business e-Coach. (2005). Decentralization and Delegation. Retrieved May 27, 2005, from http://www.1000ventures.com/business_guide/mgmt_decentralzation_ delegation.html.

Promote Equality, Diversity and Inclusion Essay

1.Be able to promote equality and diversity in work with young people. 1.1Identify the current legislation and code of practice relevant to the promotion of equality and valuing of diversity. SEN code of practice 2001 This act was created to strengthen the rights of SEN children and their parents to a mainstream education. The act was designed to make a difference to the education of SEN children by allowing them to have access to the educational facilities available all children. This is done by offering support tailored to the needs of the individual and their families whilst taking the opinion and wishes of the child into account with regards to any decisions made. It focuses on the need for a partnership between the child, their parents, teachers, agencies involved in their care; with the need for regular reviews and progress reports. Educational act 2002- 2006 The educational act is designed to set out the responsibilities of the heads of all school environments, local educational authorities and governors and to ensure that all children are provided a safe environment. The act is continuously update and in 2002 revisions were made with regards to the responsibilities placed on governors and staff. In 2006 further amendments were made to emphasise the duty of schools to promote community cohesion by working with other community organisations. A good example of this is â€Å"pop in†, set up by the school and the chapel in Marshchapel, where students and elderly members of the community meet up on a weekly basis to have lunch and share stories. Data protection act 1998 This at was written with regards to the keeping and storing of records and data and it regulates the sharing of information. The act concerns both paper and electronic data. Any organisation which collects or stores information must be registered with the data protection commission and the information they collect must only be used for the purpose which it was intended. To protect the information given by individuals data must remain on site in a locked cabinet or a password protected computer and must only  be share with the consent of the individual. Freedom of information act 2000 This act of the UK parliament defines the ways in which members of the public may gain access to government held information. The act creates a right of access when requested by an individual to information held by public authorities, promoting openness and transparency whilst minimising the risk of harm to any individual entity. Equality act 2010 The act is a consolidation of the numerous arrays of complicated anti-discrimination acts and regulations already present in the UK. The main bodies of legislation incorporated into the act include the Equal Pay Act 1970, the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, the Race Relations Act 1976, the Disability Discrimination Act 1995. It focuses on strengthening the rights of all individuals regardless of age, disability, gender (with special protections put in place for pregnant women), relationship status, race, sexual orientation, religion or belief. With additional specifications put in place for disability that state employers and service providers are responsible for making modifications to their workplaces to overcome barriers experienced by disabled people. Children Act 1989 and 2004 The Children Act 1989 was designed to help keep children safe and well. It intends to help children to live with their family by providing services appropriate to the child’s needs. The act was updated in 2004 following the death of eight year old Victoria Climbie; its purpose was to make England a safer place for children and emphasised the importance of communication between agencies responsible for the welfare of children. It also included guidance specifically aimed towards the aid and welfare of disabled children. Every child matters 2003 Following the death of Victoria Climbie the government produced a paper titled Every Child Matters with the aim that every child, regardless of their background or circumstances should have access to the support they need. Below is the mission statement from that report. Every Child Matters, 2003 Be healthyEnjoying good physical and mental health and living a healthy lifestyle Stay safeBeing protected from harm and neglect Enjoy and achieveGetting the most out of life and developing the skills for adulthood Make a positive contributionBeing involved with the community and society and not engaging in anti-social or offending behaviour Achieve economic  well-beingNot being prevented by economic disadvantage from achieving their full potential Race relations act 1976 and 2000 This act makes it illegal for school to discriminate, directly or indirectly. They are expected to provide the same opportunities to all children and to improve academic developments across the board. Schools are required to have their own race equality policy which is linked into an action plan and must promote equal opportunities and improved relationships between racial groups 1.2Explain the importance of promoting the rights of all children and young people to participation and equality of access. It is essential that all children have full access to all areas of education to allow them to fully develop in every way possible. There is much legislation in practice to aid this including every child matters, the SEN code of practice and the disability discrimination act. Schools are required to allow every child to follow an individual learning plan catered specifically to their personal needs. In addition to this all children have the right to an equal education in a mainstream school with the opportunities to play and learn together. There must be no discrimination for any reason towards any members of staff, parents or pupils. This attitude towards inclusivity not only promotes better development both academically and socially but is also a more efficient use of resources. Each school must have a code of practice in place containing information relating to equal opportunities and a policy concerning the schools practices surrounding special educational needs to protect and benefit all students and staff. Schools should focus on the individual needs of all students and allow opportunities for them to become integrated with not only their peers but the local community. There are  certain groups that may be more vulnerable to exclusion or segregation. These groups include families who hold English as a second language, students who are gifted and talented or are new to the school. In addition to these, families who are of a cultural or ethnic minority, parents whose views and values differ from that of the school or looked after children may also be susceptible to various forms of exclusion. It is important that we are mindful to treat all individuals the same regardless of their beliefs, capabilities or background. Children, staff and parents with special educational needs can often be exposed to exclusion and unintentional segregation. It is vital that resources are put in place to enable all individuals to be fully included in every aspect of life and that all opportunities are available to them. 1.3Explain the importance and benefits of valuing and promoting cultural diversity in work with children and young people. Promoting cultural diversity at an early age and exposing children to a vast array of beliefs will benefit them greatly as this knowledge will prevent them from becoming single minded. Educating children about cultural differences will enable them develop a mutual respect for all beliefs and will show them that all cultures including their own are valued. Knowing this will allow children to feel settled and secure within their environment. Schools are encouraged to implement a number of strategies to ensure that families from all cultural backgrounds feel welcome, regardless of their beliefs or background. These include: Without these methods of exploring and celebrating a diverse range of cultures and beliefs children may become closed off to the views of others. Children and families who are in the minority may feel segregated or excluded. Children who feel this way may then develop feelings of anxiousness and unease, which in turn will have an adverse effect on their ability to socialise and their academic development. 1.4Interact with children and young people in a way that values diversity and respects cultural, religious and ethnic differences. Observed in Setting 1.5Demonstrate ways of applying the principles of equality, diversity and anti-discriminatory practice in your own work with children and young people. In my working environment I come into contact with children from a variety of different social and cultural backgrounds. There are many families with differing and varied beliefs, which are celebrated and respected by staff, children and their families alike. All children have the right to attend school and must be given the opportunity to be included in every aspect of school life. In cases where children have additional needs lessons and activities must be modified to give them the same opportunities as their peers. This may include the use of additional resources or equipment specific to the learners needs. Sometimes it may be necessary to seek addition training to aid and enrich the learning opportunities of a child, for example learning makaton, how to use braille or PECS (picture exchange communication system) which can be useful to communicate with children who have a wide range of communication differences including autism. Sometimes additional support may be all a child requires, or simply the time to learn and complete tasks at their own pace. A child using PECS to request a desired item Simply put, anti-discriminatory practice is creating an environment where nobody experiences discrimination regardless of factors such as their race, gander, ability, culture or ethnicity. It is the ability to give fair treatment and equal learning opportunities to all individuals. To practice this in my school and classroom I must ensure I treat those around me with trust and respect. Children who witness this positive attitude and the relationships it creates will mimic my behaviour and in turn will be able to create their own open and positive relationships. It is vital that I celebrate the differences and similarities between all people in our diverse society and actively practice this in my daily life and the way I treat others. If I become aware of discriminatory comments or actions made by others I must challenge this and where necessary report it to the appropriate person.

Managing Operations, Information

Managing Operations, Information, and Knowledge of Gate Gourmet Words 3,000 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Abstract 4 1. 0 Introduction 5 2. 0 About Gate Gourmet 5 3. 0 Systems that enable efficient use of input resources and their impact on output of goods and services supplied by Gate Gourmet 6 3. 1 Transformation Process 6 3. 2 Production Techniques 6 1. Cuisine Sous-Vides 6 2. Hot Filling 6 3. Modified Atmosphere Packing 6 4. Food Safety Checks and Assurance Systems 7 5.Gate Serve Provisioning services 7 6. Post Flight Aircraft Stripping 7 2. Existence of Trade-offs within Gate Gourmet and challenges faced by following this approach 8 4. 0 Supply Chain Management issues and supplier selection 9 4. 1 Supply Chain 9 2. Supply Chain Management 9 3. Impact of integrated system in the management of suppliers and supplier selection 9 1. Alpha Flight Group 9 2. Pourshins 10 3. Supplair 10 4. DeSter 10 5.Potmstudios 11 6. Harmony 11 4. Recommendations for less advanced suppliers to establish con sistent standard of operations with the supply chain activities 11 5. 0 ERP System 12 5. 1 Scala 12 1. E-Gatematrix 12 1. Challenges faced by the company in implementing ERP System 12 2. ERP implementation problems and solutions 13 1. Galley Planning 13 2. Complications of Data 13 3. Business Intelligence and Reporting 14 4.Selection of menus according to the passenger mix 14 6. Huge information used by Gate Gourmet to deliver their service 14 1. Human tacit and implicit knowledge is essential to make sense of hard statistical information and the same is used for enhancing performance 14 7. Conclusion 16 References 17 Abstract A biggest challenge for the companies in today’s world is the managing operations, information and knowledge throughout the organisation. Each and every company is struggling for the management of operations, information and knowledge in the competitive market.The whole production and delivery process, challenges with the existence of trade-off, supply chain activities, ERP, and human tacit and implicit knowledge to deal with the processes are discussed in this part with reference to the Gate gourmet Company. Managing Operations, Information, and Knowledge of Gate Gourmet 1. Introduction Each company wants to sustain in the highly competitive market. For this, the companies are involved in the management of operations, information and knowledge throughout the organisation, which has now days become of utmost importance.The company go for integration with other firms to improve their processes and for the application of software, which are used uniformly by the different departments of the organisation and their suppliers as well as customers. In the business of catering, providing right quantities at right time at the right place is of greatest importance. For the achievement of the goal, the company that enable efficient use of input resources to generate the effective output uses those systems. The company in integration with th e other companies to provide the quality meals uses new production techniques.Also the supplier selection plays a critical role in supply chain management process. The company to improve their processes uses the ERP system and human tacit and implicit knowledge. In this part of study, all these activities are discussed with the case of Gate Gourmet. 2. About Gate Gourmet The Gate Group brand was introduced in early 2008 after several acquisitions after being founded in the year 1992. The company offers catering and last mile provisioning for airlines and railroads, lounges and business aviation. The company’s main force of secondary revenue is onboard retail operations (Gate gourmet). . Systems that enable efficient use of input resources and their impact on output of goods and services supplied by Gate Gourmet 1. Transformation Process It includes the processes, which converts the input to the output by adding value to the product. There are two categories of input resources i. e. transformed resources which are converted from input to the output and include materials and information, and transforming resources which helps to convert input to the output and include facilities like buildings, equipments, process technology and the staff (NSW Government). 2.The new production techniques are used by Gate Gourmet to provide the meals of restaurant quality and also manageable in terms of cost, quality, service and safety. These production techniques help in efficient use of input resources. 1. Cuisine Sous-Vides The company to achieve amazing flavour and texture uses this technique. This technique relies on temperature-controlled circulator in which the food is vacuum-sealed and cooked in a precisely controlled water bath. As the method is very easy to learn, it helps in better control and reasonable results every time (PolyScience). 2. Hot FillingThis technology is very easy to handle even by unskilled workers. This high temperature helps in the sterilisat ion of bottles and other equipments to maintain the high quality standards. 3. Modified Atmosphere Packing The technology helps in expanding the shelf life of fresh food products. The modified atmosphere packing technology substitutes the atmospheric air inside the package with the protective gas mix which ensures that the product will stay fresh for long time. The company used this technology for packing of red meats, fruits and vegetables. This helped to achieve the minimal spoilage of the input resources and lowers the costs.The company has established sophisticated machineries for this purpose (Modified Atmosphere Packaging). 4. Food Safety Checks and Assurance Systems The company voluntarily follows HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points) to ensure food safety. The company inspects every vehicle that delivers the raw materials, check by digital probe food temperatures during the production and delivery process, temperature checks on every batch food; every dish and surf ace is cleaned while food preparation, this helps in production and delivery of food that is clean and safe (Gate Gourmet). . Gate Serve Provisioning services Gate Serve, a subsidiary of Gate Gourmet, helps in assembling soda drawers, packing silverware, provisioning packaged food items, and aircraft watering. This helps in efficiently responding to changes of new procedures in the marketplace (Gate Serve). The provisioning of items helped in making the trip safe and comfortable for the passengers. For these services, the company has installed cooling systems, onboard cameras and state-of-the-art engines. 6. Post Flight Aircraft StrippingIn the catering process, the carts are removed and taken to the flight kitchen and unloading and sanitisation. Using the recycling system, the trash is separated from the general waste stream and sterilised before disposal. Crockery and other reusable items are sent for dishwashing and sterilisation line (Gate Gourmet Aircraft Provisioning). 3. Exis tence of Trade-offs within Gate Gourmet and challenges faced by following this approach The tradeoffs between economising and flexibility were noticed within the organisation.The reduction in expenditures helped the company to gain the competitive advantage whereas; the flexibility needs to be applied to meet the last minute demand of the clients, sometimes, which may cause wastage of food products. With the conflicting demands of the organisation, trade-offs were considered within the organisation. The trade-offs are considered for balancing the transformation process. Main challenge in front of managers is to maximise the cost reduction with flexibility and the dilemma cannot be completely eliminated.The stabilisation mechanism needs to be established within the organisation to meet the uncertain demands and to maintain stability in the production and delivery process. Also, the company had dilemma of trade-offs between making and buying of certain products. Buying of food product s included outsourcing to the other company. But the challenge was that the making led to increase in costs and buying which will lead to outsourcing has hidden costs that will diminish its advantages with time. And, at the time when Texas Pacific bought the company, it was under enormous stress to cut down its costs (The Guardian, 2005). . Supply Chain Management issues and supplier selection 1. Supply Chain Supply chain includes procurement of raw materials from the suppliers, conversion of raw materials to intermediate goods, and then finally to finished products. It also includes the distribution of it to the customers. Three kinds of flows exist in supply chain i. e. material, information and finance (Ganeshan R & Harrison T, 1995). Upstream refers to the activities that take place before the supply phase. And, downstream refers to the activities that take place after the supply phase.IFx system was used to integrate the whole supply chain (AirlineHubBuzz, 2012). 2. Supply Chai n Management Effective supply chain management is the coordination between the various players in the chain and each channel member operates independently (Ganeshan R & Harrison T, 1995). 3. Impact of integrated system in the management of suppliers and supplier selection The company goes on maintaining the relationship with those suppliers who can meet quick and flexible supply in respect to the demand changes, deliver consistently and on time with high degree of mutual understanding and trust (Acorn live: 22). . Alpha Flight Group Alpha provided full catering and provisioning services in Amsterdam. Gate Gourmet intended maximum growth and operational flexibility with Alpha through its integrated system. The company aimed to serve 80 peak season flights a day with Alpha (aircraftinteriorsinternational. com). 2. Pourshins Pourshins, a fully integrated partner provides the tools required for supply chain model including sourcing and procurement, asset management and food and beverage logistics (Pourshins. com). The challenge in front of the company was to reduce the LEAN’s supply chain management cost, which was rising.The integration challenge was to merge the two teams of employees in the United States and understanding the Gate Gourmet’s existing warehousing, distribution and software functions (Andersen, 2008: 29). But at the same time, the integrated system helped to aggregate purchase volumes, which resulted in lowering of costs, optimisation of products and services for the total value (Pourshins. com). 3. Supplair The company designed food including fresh food preparation and packaged food to keep them safe, appealing, and requires minimum handling.The challenge in front of company with the integrated system was to review the food offered for the crew consumption and introduce the same within four weeks for Easy Jet. The elements for the key success with the integrated system were the proven web-based ordering system, which was easy to use and the excellent distribution supply chain (Supplair. com). 4. deSter Gate Gourmet selected deSter as its supplier, deSter being leading supplier in service solutions across all aircraft cabins. To win the competitive advantage over the other bidders, the tender was in the favour of Gate Gourmet with Etihad Airways.This was because of technical know-how and production capacities of deSter (deSter. com). 5. Potmstudios The company offers design for packaging, cutlery, food and beverage service ware and passenger facilities for the in-flight services. The positive implication was the best computer aided design software, which was used by the company for the fast and accurate designs (Potmstudios. com). 6. Harmony The company is totally integrated airline service provider and involved in the designing of amenity kits.Harmony provides tailor-made solutions for enhancing the passengers’ comfort on board. The operational excellence of the company helped in managing the quality of the service (Harmonyonboard. com). 4. Recommendations for less advanced suppliers to establish consistent standard of operations with the supply chain activities First of all, for implementing integrated system, the less advanced organisations analyse their business processes. It helps in the modernisation of processes during the time of changes.It is quite easier for the centralised organisations to implement the integrated system. Secondly, balancing of work designed according to the requirements of the customers is of prime importance. The software should be configured before use. Lastly, the company needs to establish a system to convert the existing data into the integrated one. For this, the company may have to move for data migration planning like identification of data, data templates generation, and deciding migration interrelated set-ups and reporting policies.This will help the less advanced suppliers to gain the competitive advantage and will also help in modernisation. The genuine trick for the integration is the free flow of information, cooperation and respecting each business’s independence (Andersen, 2008: 30). 5. ERP System ERP system is the organisation wide network for harmonising the resources, information and functions of a business. It is the modern extension of MRP1 (Materials Requirement Planning), MRP11 (Manufacturing Resource Planning), and CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing).It helps in communicating with the customers and the suppliers to improve the quality of supply chain management (Acorn live: 19). 1. Scala system Scala is the ERP software and support ERP processes. This system was exercised by the company to cover the maximum business processes of catering operations. 1. E-Gatematrix The real-time data was fed into the Scala system through ‘e-gatematrix’ system, which is the web-interface system for capturing data. 2. Challenges faced by the company in implementing ERP System 1.The company has to face the challenges due to demand fluctuations- As food has to be prepared just before 12 to 24 hours before departure, the demand keep on fluctuating till the last moment. The ‘just-in-time’ delivery after the preparation and supply of food with the last minute fluctuations become difficult and challenging (Fidanza). All the last minute changes using ERP systems become difficult sometimes. 2. The company has to re fix the schedules with flight delays- The whole process of delivery becomes cumbersome with flight delays.All the data communication through ERP in rush becomes complex. 3. ERP implementation problems and solutions 1. Galley Planning Problem-With the technological support, galley planning becomes time consuming process. Solution-Galley Planning System (GP4) of the e-gate solutions can be easily incorporated into other material planning systems to increase the precision of the data. It leads to the fuel-cost impact analysis, automatic publishing of packing instruct ions and the online communication of changes to the supply chain (e-Gate Solutions). 2.Complications of Data Problem- There was complications of data and their application using the e-marketplace application. Solution- The company replaced it with ePix application to improve the order search capabilities and for the simplification of the data (e-Gate Solutions). 3. Business Intelligence and Reporting Problem-The reporting of real-time sales and analysis was difficult with ERP implementation. Solution-Onboard Retail Technology (TS4) was selected for reporting functions, as TS4 was able to reconcile the real-time sales to inventory.It was also used to identify the passengers’ buying trends (e-Gate Solutions). 4. Selection of menus according to the passenger mix Problem- The main challenge in front of the company was to reduce the inventory using ERP, when the menus were fixed but the types of passengers’ keeps on changing even six hours before take-off. Solution-The Pour shins’ trademark forecaster system for food helped to build new menus and reduce the inventory and costs (e-Gate Solutions). 6. Huge information used by Gate Gourmet to deliver their service 1.Human tacit and implicit knowledge is essential to make sense of hard statistical information and the same is used for enhancing performance Inventory management includes the processes involved in maintenance of optimal number of goods and services to avoid over and under inventory. The company focuses on inventory management through state-of-the-art software. Gate Gourmet collects the necessary data from state-of-the-art software with the help of Pourshins for inventory management (Gate Gourmet). The experienced personnel are hired by the company for the use of different software’s through their tacit and implicit knowledge.The main difference between tacit knowledge and implicit knowledge is that the implicit knowledge can be codified but it is impossible to codify tacit knowle dge (Toolbox. com, 2008). Suppose a flight from Taiwan to New York, may stop at Los Angeles for 2-3 hours, the company will be required to unload the trash items in this time and have to load the 5 tons of new food with cutlery and other equipments. But the challenge now appears when the last minute passengers come up and like to have the menu according to the menu of the airlines. Also, the special meals like low fat meals are required by certain group of passengers.Through the use of software, it is easy to get the statistics but the right quantities are decided by experts so as to keep the wastage and costing minimum. Here comes the use of human tacit knowledge used by experts for the inventory management, Through the use of tacit knowledge the over-catering and under-catering is avoided. As the production and delivery of more meals than actual required is both the loss for airlines as well as for the Gate Gourmet. The software covers almost all the business processes involved in inventory management.The delays in flight arrivals upset the work schedules. It becomes crucial for the company to provide right quantities at the right place to the right person. The dedicated team members take action with flexibility and quickly to achieve the goal. The costs have reduced to the great extent with the management of inventories through the tacit knowledge of the staff (Donna, 2009). Hands do the majority of food preparation, which is also a time consuming process. The inventory of finished stock of goods needs to be kept ready with the demand fluctuations.They to reduce the wastage at the bottom level use the culinary expertise and implicit knowledge. The culinary trends and expertise is used to design the menus as per the trends. This has helped the company in gaining the competitive advantage and food and journey becomes enjoyable by the customers. Inventory forecast is a mix of statistical data with the use of human tacit and implicit knowledge. The company has been using the vast information and statistics, which finally gets evaluated by the experts to decide the optimal level of inventory.As a result, it helps in improving the function of the processes; reduce inventory wastage, optimal quantity ordering to the suppliers. 7. Conclusion Concluding the whole discussion, it is very imperative for the company to go for managing operations, information and knowledge to survive in the market cutthroat competition. The company has to face various challenges for the achievement of aspirations. Besides tough times faced by Gate Gourmet, the company has been successful in the administration of operations, information and knowledge. For this, the company has deployed experienced staff all over the organisation.

AN EXPLANATION OF DEATH CERTIFICATES essays

AN EXPLANATION OF DEATH CERTIFICATES essays AN EXPLANATION OF DEATH CERTIFICATES The cause of death may vary, depending on each observer's viewpoint of the situation. The trauma surgeon who is unsuccessful in controlling bleeding from a laceration in an auto crash victim might perceive hemorrhage as the cause of death. To the pathologist who conducts the autopsy, the cause of that person's death might be blunt force trauma. To an epidemiologist who studies mortality patterns, automobile accident might constitute the cause of death. Such varied viewpoints made it necessary for me to acquire knowledge in this area. The Coroner would formulate and put into words a cause of death for a death certificate, an autopsy report, or other medical documents using a format similar to the cause of death section on the death certificate and I transferred this information to the certificate. To foster a viewpoint of the cause of death, the Coroner has to maintain concepts and certain terms in a manner that is clear to all readers. The emphasis on definitions seemed excessive, but it was important to provide clarity regarding causes of death. Causes of death, whether appearing on death certificates or elsewhere, are collected and used by governmental, public health, or other agencies for scientific study, decision making, planning, legislative change, or research and public health funding prioritization. It was therefore important that cause of death determinations be approached consistently, and that cause of death statements be meaningful. Concepts, definitions, and instructions had to be designed to achieve such goals. The term cause of death is used in the specific context of the death certificate format for indicating why a person has died, whether the cause of death is actually written or spoken. When the Coroner indicated the cause of death on a death certificate and signed the certificate attesting to the cause of death he then became referred ...

Indian country revisited essays

Indian country revisited essays Indian Country Revisited When I was younger, I asked my teacher, all the time in fact, why do we have to learn this. Her response was always, youll need it when you grow up. Math, science, and English, I understood, but history was different. She said that we must learn our history so as not to repeat the errors of the past. I still dont believe this. In Vietnam, Americans, foreigners to their land, came in and sought to take what wasnt ours to take. Did we not also do this when we, the British, came to the Americas to take the land. Sure we said that we were seeking religious freedom, but was that why we were really there? We were in Vietnam to fight for economic freedom (against communism), but was that really why? Vietnam was nothing more than the entire cowboys and Indians situation all over again, but with a different outcome. I propose then, why need history? If this situation was the same as taking the Indians land, then we didnt learn from our history, and therefore it is worthless. In Robin Moores, The Green Berets, he even refers to the entire conflict as Indians and Cowboys, but how accurate is this? For references I will be referring to Tim OBriens If I Die in a Combat Zone, and Phillip Caputos, Rumor of War. In The Green Berets, OBrien was a young intellectual who was drafted into the war years after it started. He was opposed to the war the entire time, and was very jaded that he had to go and fight. In this book, he presents the Vietnamese much in the same way that a family of cowboys would have described the Indians in the 1800s. He was forced into the war and hated it, and the only way that he could bring himself to fight it was to dehumanize and hate the Vietnamese. They are portrayed as a primitive race, living in grass huts and making it by on almost nothing. They have all of these tradition ...

Overwhelmed Heres a Great Way to Take Control of Your Job Search

Overwhelmed Heres a Great Way to Take Control of Your Job Search I have a confession to make: I am not naturally an organized person. If left to my own devices, I generally do whatever comes into my head to do at the moment. I am easily sidetracked and have a tendency to think I can do everything without regard to priorities. Sound familiar? If so, and if you are a job seeker, you might be experiencing some overwhelm as you conduct your search. Thankfully, there are tools available that can help. To tackle my lack of focus, for example, I have chosen to participate in a business coaching group where I am forced to create priorities and follow them- at least to some extent! You might benefit from some prioritization tools as well. Let’s say you decide to research companies you might want to work for. First, you’ll read my blog from last week, Top 5 Web Sites for Your Job Search Over the Holidays, and start listing companies that interest you. What’s next? The answer is not Apply to all the jobs and accept the first one that will take me. The answer isn’t even, Do extensive research on the 50 companies on my list. Instead, take some time to prioritize. First, make a list of your top 20-30 companies based on your research. Then get clear about what’s important to you so you can gather further information on the companies that best meet your requirements. Factors to consider: Job Function/Title Industry Commute Salary Benefits Opportunity for Growth Travel Company Reputation Size of Company Products I Resonate With Pick 5-6 of these items that are most important to you and score each of the companies in your list from 1-5 (1 = bad/low, 5 = good/high) on how they match up on each factor. You can make a simple chart to do this: Â   Factor #1 Factor #2 Factor #3 Factor #4 Factor #5 Factor #6 Total Company #1 Company #2 Company #3 Company #4 Look at the total scores and rank the companies from highest to lowest. Then start your information gathering, such as finding contact people at the organizations, with the highest-scoring companies. Concentrate on finding the hiring managers at those top companies and start to discover what challenges the companies are facing and how you can add value. Once you know your first choice, second choice, third choice, etc. you will be in a much stronger position as you approach the companies. You will know what you want so you can focus on that, rather than let the job market dictate your search. And you will reduce overwhelm by taking things one step at a time in a clear, organized way. Do you have methods you use to stay focused in your job search? Please share in the comments! Category:Job SearchBy Brenda BernsteinJanuary 27, 2014

Just and Unjust wars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Just and Unjust wars - Essay Example Assassination involves treachery, betrayal and infidelity. Gross has argued that assassination is not allowed in the regulations of armed clashes and that it can be considered as murder by deceitful means (245). This indicates that if there is no kind of treachery involved, there would be nothing wrong with assassination. The author makes it clear in his argument that assassination is not always a result of betrayal but is also evidence of morality of premeditated killing of the individuals. Some researchers use the terms â€Å"assassination† and â€Å"targeted killing† interchangeably in order to avoid linking treachery with assassination. The ethical legitimacy of targeted killing can be described when it is compared to other methods of fighting against terrorism, which can be massive invasion and destroying the complete infrastructure of terrorists. Many experts claim that the real war method would be the invasion rather than targeted killings, because it bears the a ctual concept of war. Invading a civilian area leads to a more number of deaths and casualties of common innocent people. With targeted killing the damage is reduced; hence, it is the preferable method as it saves innocent lives and keeps the damage low (Gross 115). There have been various arguments to justify tyrannicide. Unless tyrannicide is linked with an effort to change the regime entirely, it is expected to result in repressions of the general public greatly. Assassination is considered to be a careful choice when aiming at preventing and ending the war against terrorism. This might be applicable in some cases, but assassination has not been preferred because there are other less harmful and less objectionable methods like tyrannicide (Lenin 60-62). Discuss Collateral Damage, Providing a Conceptual Definition First, and Then an Illustration of It, by Using Examples Drawn from Different Fields and Different Historical Periods The term â€Å"collateral damage† was first used by the US army during the Second Gulf War. Collateral damage can be described as civilian casualties due to bombings of allied military forces. By describing losses of civilian lives and properties, the officials redirect the criticism against the military for a high death count of common people (Hashmi 125-127). Though the phrase has its roots in the military background, it has also been interchangeably used in common language. The business world is fond of the usage of this term for unintentional damage caused by an action. For example, if an organization shifts its offices to a new city, the losses suffered by the local businesses can be termed as collateral damage. The abrupt or unexpected closing of a section or division of a company due to financial crisis can also be termed as collateral damage, as the employees would lose their means of income. This damage will be considered as significant, but the losses will be still acceptable if compared to the advantages and profit s of taking action. Many experts believe that focussing only on the deaths of common people as a way of accessing a military operation is not a flawless approach. The US military’s protests against body count have its roots in Vietnam, where there were no links of enemy death count to the overall success of a mission. Many researchers and analysts argue that failure of a mission cannot be determined by the total death count of civilians.

Introduction to Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Introduction to Nursing research - Essay Example The purpose of this study as explained by the authors was to assess whether self-monitoring of blood glucose was effective in treating the glycemic control of the patient and in helping them deal with the psychological effects of being newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. There were no specific research questions in this study but one could assume that the research questions were: Will patients who are newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes show improvement in glycemic control because of their self-management? Also, will immediate feedback insure compliance with medication requirements and determine patient attitude toward their disease? These questions can be inferred by the two-fold purpose of the study(O’Kane et al., 2008). The basic concept is that the researchers wanted to understand how self-monitoring effected the attitudes and the self-monitoring of newly diagnosed patients with type 2 diabetes. The phenomena studied was type 2 diabetes in adult males, aged 70 or older (O’Kane et al., 2008). This was a quantitative study that used a â€Å"a randomised controlled trial† (O’Kane et al., 2008, para. 11) that used two groups. One group was asked to self-monitor their glucose concentrations regularly, ( the intervention group) and the second group was asked not to monitor their glucose concentrations (the control group). The patients were newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and they were recruited from several diabetes services in several cities in Ireland. The age of the patients was 70 and above, and the study was done between 2002 and 2005. Some doctors referred specific participants. The exclusion criteria for the participants was patients that were in secondary stages of diabetes, those who used insulin or who were already self-monitoring, those who had major diseases within the last six months, those with chronic kidney or liver disease, and those who were abusing alcohol (O’Kane

Were the Puritans Puritanical (Carl Degler) Essay

Were the Puritans Puritanical (Carl Degler) - Essay Example believed it would anger God if one dressed differently to their station in life; it would be like lying to God to dress extravagantly when one was a member of a lower class. Many of the people who were in the upper-class of Puritans could and would wear gold, silver, and lace. Whilst this is true, most of the other restrictions on dress were to preserve the modesty of the wearer, although it was not as dull, plain and conservative as the stereotype. Women were expected to cover their head and most of their body. As previously mentioned, the Puritans placed a great value on the pure things in life, and part of this belief was an understanding of the Bible as more-or-less literal. In this case, they believed that man should not have too much fun, enjoyment or laughter in this life in case it hinder his ability to experience these things in the next, and sex was part of this. Sex was part of this, but it did not mean that sex was banned in society. The Puritans knew that people of both genders have sexual desires, and they also knew that these needed to be fulfilled. All the Puritans asked was that sexual intercourse be undertaken prayerfully with recognition that it is God that has bestowed these pleasures on them. However, it is worth noting that they did believe in having sex with respect and not enjoying it to excess. The central view of human nature in the Puritan faith is that it is prone to sin and this is an inescapable factor of life. Everything that comes from the body is sinful or disgusting. They believed that because of this tendency to sin, they must be controlled by a strong hand that helped them to curtail these sinful lusts and become more like God and live a purer life. The reason that they broke off from the English church is that they believed that this was corrupt, and they needed to escape this to try and counterbalance some of the things that human nature provoked. In life, the Puritans were expected to avoid sin as much as possible and

Literature Review Saudi Stock Market Research Paper

Literature Review Saudi Stock Market - Research Paper Example Corporate firms can raise funds from the market since it is dominated by retailers. The high the volume of trade – which is directly proportional to the number of retail traders – provides high liquidity in the market. To consider a stock market to be effective the market must reflect the consumption of relevant data. In other words, the market must be a reflection of existing data including the performance and governance of the country where the market exists (Onour, 2009). The Saudi stock market was formalized in the early 1980’s (Onour, 2009). Since then the Saudi Market has undergone several changes in accommodate new trading methods. The changes that have been witnessed include changes in the regulatory framework (Onour, 2009) and the trading methods with the introduction of electronic trading. On this paper the researcher will review past literature on the performance of the Saudi Stock Market, comparing and contrasting the performance of the market to other stock markets finally, drawing conclusions and recommendations of how to strengthen the markets performance. Key factors that are affecting the performance of the Market will also be covered in brief. The market growth in capitalization, however, has been steady most attributable to the need to invest in the money being made from the oil industry. Oil Prices and stock markets have been studied in depth by Rault & Arouri (2009). Rault & Arouri have established a linkage between performance of the stock market and oil price shocks. They cite that proper study of oil price shocks can help investors invest in the GCC countries including Saudi Arabia profitably. The Saudi stock market consists of diverse group of companies focused on the strong domestic economy rather than the international prices of oil (Jadwa Investment, 2010). Nonetheless, investors are exposed to the oil sector

European Community Trade Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

European Community Trade Law - Essay Example The Single Market envisaged by these principles has the product liability regime for defective products. An affected Member State should notify the Commission about the Member State which violates the directive for free movement of goods in the Single Market, as per decision 3052/95/EC 2 Following are articles of the treaty that the case on hand attracts. 2. Member States shall, by the end of the first stage at the latest, abolish all quantitative restrictions on exports and any measures having equivalent effect which are in existence when this Treaty enters into force. The provisions of Articles 30 to 34 shall not preclude prohibitions or restrictions on imports, exports or goods in transit justified on grounds of public morality, public policy or public security; the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants; the protection of national treasures possessing artistic, historic or archaeological value; or the protection of industrial and commercial property. Such prohibitions or restrictions shall not, however, constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between Member States."3 The case on hand is that the cheese product by name ''Dolcedella'' of Italian Recipe manufactured by other member States is not allowed to be marketed in Italy unless it bears the label in Italian Language that it complies with the ministerial decree no 2001 and it has the permission of Italian Ministry of Food Agriculture for being marketed in Italy. It prima facie appears not a discriminative provision, the Ministerial Decree No 2001 being applicable to Italy and other Member States alike. The Cheese being a delicate product needing expert handling, it can only be marketed from licensed shops for the purpose in Italy though there are only 250 shops in Italy. The French producer of 'Dolcedella'' is advised to comply with the Italian Ministry's Decree No 2001 in as much as it is not discriminatory between the member states including Italy. There are few case laws supporting the above advice which we shall see in detail as below. Case 8/74: Dassonville4 Case 391/92 Hellenic Republic 5 Before discussing the above two cases, the following quote will enlighten us as to even the seemingly non-discriminatory measures would turn out to be discriminatory if deeply gone into. In the instance case before us, there seem to be no discriminatory measure hidden behind the non-discriminatory provision requiring every one take authorisation from the Ministry concerned to market the subject cheese and the labelling requirement as applicable to every marketer. "If it can be shown that certain conditions are imposed in relation to imports only, this would clearly constitute a directly applicable measure

History of fox news Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

History of fox news - Essay Example The Fox News Channel (FNC) is available to a little more than 85 million households in the United States, and even more internationally. The network is based in the U.S. and broadcasts primarily out of its studio in New York City. The Fox News Channel is currently the highest rated cable News Channel. Initially founded by the Australian-American mogul Rupert Murdoch in 1996, the FNC has grown to become the most influential cable news network today. Rupert Murdoch initially created the Fox News Network to represent the conservative point of view in America. At the time, in 1996, Murdoch felt that there was a great need for this niche to be filled in media, as at the time the majority of media was predominantly liberal. The network was designed with the intention of grabbing the attention of viewers. The visual presentation the network uses has been very influential in the presentation of news. Colorful and attention grabbing graphics were designed to constantly remain on the screen, as well as textboxes displaying one-liners summarizing the current topics. This was believed to incite the viewer's interests and increase their understanding of any message the network was attempting to relay. Another attention getter designed by the network is the Fox News Alert, it was designed to interrupt regular programming when breaking stories occurred. The news alerts were designed with swooshing graphics that would fill up the screen and a sharp chiming noise. (Fig1, Wikipedia) This is just an example of the aggressive tactics Murdoch used to launch the network. To rush the networks accessibility, Murdoch paid 11$ per subscribers to cable companies to increase the channels distribution. This was a revolutionary This conflict has led to much controversy surrounding the network. The Controversy In a survey done by the Project for Excellence in Journalism, in 2004, the article cited Fox News as the single news outlet that strikes most journalists as taking a particular ideological stance (2006). Corresponding with this, the Democratic National Committee identified Fox News as a rightwing outlet (York, 2006). On CNN's Larry King during a Jan 17, 2007 interview with the Chicago Sun-Times, King spoke on his opinion of the Network, They're Republican a brand. They're an extension of the Republican Party with some exceptions, [like] Greta van Susteren. But I don't begrudge them that. [Fox CEO] Roger Ailes is an

European Community Trade Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

European Community Trade Law - Essay Example The Single Market envisaged by these principles has the product liability regime for defective products. An affected Member State should notify the Commission about the Member State which violates the directive for free movement of goods in the Single Market, as per decision 3052/95/EC 2 Following are articles of the treaty that the case on hand attracts. 2. Member States shall, by the end of the first stage at the latest, abolish all quantitative restrictions on exports and any measures having equivalent effect which are in existence when this Treaty enters into force. The provisions of Articles 30 to 34 shall not preclude prohibitions or restrictions on imports, exports or goods in transit justified on grounds of public morality, public policy or public security; the protection of health and life of humans, animals or plants; the protection of national treasures possessing artistic, historic or archaeological value; or the protection of industrial and commercial property. Such prohibitions or restrictions shall not, however, constitute a means of arbitrary discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade between Member States."3 The case on hand is that the cheese product by name ''Dolcedella'' of Italian Recipe manufactured by other member States is not allowed to be marketed in Italy unless it bears the label in Italian Language that it complies with the ministerial decree no 2001 and it has the permission of Italian Ministry of Food Agriculture for being marketed in Italy. It prima facie appears not a discriminative provision, the Ministerial Decree No 2001 being applicable to Italy and other Member States alike. The Cheese being a delicate product needing expert handling, it can only be marketed from licensed shops for the purpose in Italy though there are only 250 shops in Italy. The French producer of 'Dolcedella'' is advised to comply with the Italian Ministry's Decree No 2001 in as much as it is not discriminatory between the member states including Italy. There are few case laws supporting the above advice which we shall see in detail as below. Case 8/74: Dassonville4 Case 391/92 Hellenic Republic 5 Before discussing the above two cases, the following quote will enlighten us as to even the seemingly non-discriminatory measures would turn out to be discriminatory if deeply gone into. In the instance case before us, there seem to be no discriminatory measure hidden behind the non-discriminatory provision requiring every one take authorisation from the Ministry concerned to market the subject cheese and the labelling requirement as applicable to every marketer. "If it can be shown that certain conditions are imposed in relation to imports only, this would clearly constitute a directly applicable measure

Enrichment Units Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Enrichment Units - Assignment Example student benefit from all the units, it is fundamental to begin by teaching CCSS: MATH.CONTENT.4.OA.B.4, CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.4.OA.C.5, CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.8.EE.A.1, and CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.8.EE.A.2 in that order. CCSS: MATH.CONTENT.4.OA.B.4 is an important enrichment unit to every student. It mainly deals with operations and algebraic thinking and focuses on gain familiarity and multiples. I chose this because it deepens my understanding of factors and multiples of whole numbers. For instance in solving mathematical puzzles. The combination of math learning with movement gives me multiple ways to engage my brain for instance Howard Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences and to cement the learning. CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.4.OA.C.5 5 enables me to generate and analyze patterns. This involves generating a number or shape pattern that follows a given rule. For instance it helped me solve number sequence and series mathematical problems. I also chose CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.8.EE.A.1 because it helped me to learn how to apply the concepts of integer exponents to give equivalent numerical expressions. This will simplify my work when working out complicated mathematical problems. This rules will also help me know how to handle exponents for instance when multiplying variables with same base, the two exponents are added. CCSS.MATH.CONTENT.8.EE.A.2 is appropriate when it comes to learning root and cube roots. It also shows students that perfect squares and perfect cubes are integers that result from the squaring or cubing of another integer. It is important for students also to understand that they can find the square root of any positive number and zero. Its also crucial that students know the variation between rational and irrational numbers In conclusion, all the Common Core Standards are important in enrichment units. As seen above, students are advised to learn these units to enable them have a better understanding of the other units ahead. However, this website

Williams Sonoma. Measuring the strategic readiness of intangible assets Essay Example for Free

Williams Sonoma. Measuring the strategic readiness of intangible assets Essay The marketing strategies that Williams-Sonoma is applying involve the extensive use of the internet to market its products to the masses. Online marketing and business provides numerous business opportunities across the globe since it is easily accessible to everyone. This creates opportunity for the company to access various customers as well as suppliers and even potential partners that they can do business with and ensure they provide quality products at affordable costs (Simonson, 1999). This as it has been seen has greatly contributed towards the success of the company. It has been able to increase its customer base, increase in sales of its products and in the long run an increase in its profitability. It is important to note that the internet is continuously growing day by day and there are lots of changes taking place. There are also a large number of people that are using and have easy access to the internet. It is apparent that over the next five years, Williams-Sonoma is likely to experience an increase in the number of customers that it serves (Marks, Frolick, 2001). Furthermore, there is a likelihood that the number of products that the company will provide to the customers will also increase. This means that in the next five years, Williams-Sonoma is likely to experience greater growth of its business and operations in general and may become a multinational company. Q2 Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   As a CEO of an organization, one must be in a position to formulate and implement strategies that will help in achieving the mission band vision of the organization. Making the decisions on what strategies to undertake require sufficient information on the market and other elements that affect the performance of the company (Kaplan, Norton, 2004). In this case study, Williams-Sonoma is seen as a company that is ready to take risks and adopt new strat5egies in marketing its products. From the case study, it is to be noted that the target group for the company is limited to customers that are high income earners considering that it offers high-end products only. Therefore, a recommended strategy would to provide variety or practice product differentiation in terms of affordability (Kanter, 2001). This can be achieved by ensuring that the products are of high quality although affordable. Apart from offering affordable prices and quality products, the other stra tegy that I would recommend as the CEO would be offering of discounts for the products bought. Those customers that buy at least three different items should be offered a certain percentage of discounts to make the products more affordable (Marks, Frolick, 2001). Furthermore, the other strategy that I would recommend would be to increase advertising on social media sites since these have been a great avenue through which companies are able to reach out to customers. Finally I would recommend that the company increases its amount of imported as well as merchandise that is unbranded. Q3 Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   One of the competitors of Williams-Sonoma is Crate Barrel. There is a lot of stiff competition for Williams-Sonoma due to the strategies which are applied by the competitors. In the case of Crate Barrel, the company is using the strategy of low affordable prices on its products as a way through which it is able to attract more customers (Marks, Frolick, 2001). It is to be understood that when the prices of products or even services are affordable, the demand is likely to be high and hence more customers and profitability in the long run. Williams-Sonoma on the other hand offers products at a very high price and hence only attracts the customers that are high income earners only (Kaplan, Norton, 2004). This means that Crate and Barrel has a larger customer base than Williams-Sonoma. The other strategy being used by the competitors includes the setting of their businesses in major locations unlike Williams-Sonoma. This means that the other competitors have been able to reach out to more clients hence becoming more competitive than Williams-Sonoma. Business location is of great importance for any given company. The location will determine the ease of access to the goods and the services of the company by the customers and hence affect the overall performance of the company. Q4 Â   Â   Â   Â   Â   The internet has become one of the avenues through which companies or organizations are able to do business especially marketing their products or even selling their products online. Different companies have employed the use of the internet in different ways and Williams-Sonoma is one those companies that has not been left out in the rush to make business through the internet. Williams-Sonoma is using the internet as a marketing tool for its products whereby it sells information to its customers such as information on recipes (Kaplan, Norton, 2004). The current use of the internet by Williams-Sonoma is the formulation of search for information on its products. The customers have to pay for the information that they get. However, for the future of the company, Williams-Sonoma can make use of the social media sites to promote its products to the numerous internet users available on social media. It would also benefit the company if it opens online stores where it can be able to sell its products online. References Kanter, R. M. (2001). The ten deadly mistakes of wanna-dots. Harvard Business Review, 79(1), 91-100. Kaplan, R. S., Norton, D. P. (2004). Measuring the strategic readiness of intangible assets. Harvard business review, 82(2), 52-63. Marks, W. T., Frolick, M. N. (2001). BUILDING CUSTOMER DATA WAREHOUSES FOR A MARKETING AND SERVICE. Simonson, I. (1999). The effect of product assortment on buyer preferences. Journal of Retailing, 75(3), 347-370. Source document

u.s. grant Essay -- essays research papers

Ulysses Hiram Grant was born April 27, 1822, in a two room frame house at Point Pleasant, Ohio. His father, Jesse Root Grant, was foreman in a tannery and a farmer. His mother, Hannah Simpson Grant, was a hard working frontier woman. When Ulysses was a year old, the family moved to Georgetown. There his father bought a farm, built a house, and set up his own tannery. Jesse and Hannah had five more children there, two boys and three girls. Grant love horses and learned to manage them at an early age. When he was seven or eight he could drive a team and began hauling all the wood used in the house and shops. From that point on until he reached seventeen, Grant did all the work done with horses; such as breaking up the land, furrowing, plowing corn, bringing in the crops when harvested, and hauling wood. Three months each winter when work was minimized Grant went to a one room schoolhouse, and that's how he was educated until he went to West Point at age seventeen. When Grant turned seventeen, his father got him an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point. The congressman who made the appointment did not know Grants' full name, so he left out Hiram and added Simpson. Simpson, was Grants', mothers' maiden name. Grant did not care for military life and never expected to stay in the army. He was good in mathematics and hoped sometime to teach. He was, however, the best horseman at the academy. He was Quiet, shy, and he made few friends. When he was commissioned, Ulysses was ordered to Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis, Missouri. While stationed there he met Julia Dent, daughter of a slave owning Southern family . Within three months he proposed to her and was accepted. Since he had only his pay as lieutenant, the wedding was postponed. Grant was in almost every battle of the Mexican War. He fought on foot, observing many different commanders and how they lead their troops. This experience, he said, was of great value to him, because he became acquainted with nearly all the officers of the regular army. Some of them including the great soldier Robert E. Lee were to be on the Confederate side in the Civil War. Grant came back from Mexico a captain. He at once married Julia and took her to his new station, Sackett's Harbor, New York. During the Mexican War. This is where Grant formed the habit of drinking. At Sackett's Harbor he joined a t... ...ed in 1884 and left Grant penniless and humiliated. Ward was sent to the state penitentiary. To earn money, Grant turned to writing. Samuel L. Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, was then a subscription book publisher. He offered Grant a high royalty for his memoirs, and in 1885 Grant began to dictate them. A pain in his throat was finally diagnosed as cancer, but Grant went on, writing with a pen, to provide for his wife after he was gone. In the summer of 1885 Mrs. Grant took her husband to the Adirondacks near Saratoga. There he finished his `Personal Memoirs' about a week before he died on July 23. Written frankly, the work ranks high among military biographies. It was so popular that Mrs. Grant received nearly $450,000 from its sale. A granite tomb to Grant's memory was built on Riverside Drive in New York City, in 1959 it became a national memorial. Grant's life was like a roller coaster, in the beginning he started low and was regarded as a failure. He worked his way to the top, became the most honored general in the U.S., and was elected President of the United States. Then suddenly his life went downhill, his firm crashed, he developed cancer and died bankrupt. u.s. grant Essay -- essays research papers Ulysses Hiram Grant was born April 27, 1822, in a two room frame house at Point Pleasant, Ohio. His father, Jesse Root Grant, was foreman in a tannery and a farmer. His mother, Hannah Simpson Grant, was a hard working frontier woman. When Ulysses was a year old, the family moved to Georgetown. There his father bought a farm, built a house, and set up his own tannery. Jesse and Hannah had five more children there, two boys and three girls. Grant love horses and learned to manage them at an early age. When he was seven or eight he could drive a team and began hauling all the wood used in the house and shops. From that point on until he reached seventeen, Grant did all the work done with horses; such as breaking up the land, furrowing, plowing corn, bringing in the crops when harvested, and hauling wood. Three months each winter when work was minimized Grant went to a one room schoolhouse, and that's how he was educated until he went to West Point at age seventeen. When Grant turned seventeen, his father got him an appointment to the United States Military Academy at West Point. The congressman who made the appointment did not know Grants' full name, so he left out Hiram and added Simpson. Simpson, was Grants', mothers' maiden name. Grant did not care for military life and never expected to stay in the army. He was good in mathematics and hoped sometime to teach. He was, however, the best horseman at the academy. He was Quiet, shy, and he made few friends. When he was commissioned, Ulysses was ordered to Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis, Missouri. While stationed there he met Julia Dent, daughter of a slave owning Southern family . Within three months he proposed to her and was accepted. Since he had only his pay as lieutenant, the wedding was postponed. Grant was in almost every battle of the Mexican War. He fought on foot, observing many different commanders and how they lead their troops. This experience, he said, was of great value to him, because he became acquainted with nearly all the officers of the regular army. Some of them including the great soldier Robert E. Lee were to be on the Confederate side in the Civil War. Grant came back from Mexico a captain. He at once married Julia and took her to his new station, Sackett's Harbor, New York. During the Mexican War. This is where Grant formed the habit of drinking. At Sackett's Harbor he joined a t... ...ed in 1884 and left Grant penniless and humiliated. Ward was sent to the state penitentiary. To earn money, Grant turned to writing. Samuel L. Clemens, better known as Mark Twain, was then a subscription book publisher. He offered Grant a high royalty for his memoirs, and in 1885 Grant began to dictate them. A pain in his throat was finally diagnosed as cancer, but Grant went on, writing with a pen, to provide for his wife after he was gone. In the summer of 1885 Mrs. Grant took her husband to the Adirondacks near Saratoga. There he finished his `Personal Memoirs' about a week before he died on July 23. Written frankly, the work ranks high among military biographies. It was so popular that Mrs. Grant received nearly $450,000 from its sale. A granite tomb to Grant's memory was built on Riverside Drive in New York City, in 1959 it became a national memorial. Grant's life was like a roller coaster, in the beginning he started low and was regarded as a failure. He worked his way to the top, became the most honored general in the U.S., and was elected President of the United States. Then suddenly his life went downhill, his firm crashed, he developed cancer and died bankrupt.

Much Ado About Nothing - Summary :: essays research papers

Act I, scene I A messenger brings word to Leonato that Don Pedro of Aragon is passing through Messina on his return from a victorious battle. Then Beatrice asks if Benedick is part of the company, but then hides her interest in the news. Shortly the company of Don Pedro, Claudio, and Benedick arrives and Beatrice and Benedick trade clever remarks with one another, both professing that love is only for fools. Meanwhile Claudio, attracted by Hero's beauty, thinks he is in love. He asks Benedick what he thinks of the lady, but Benedick only rails against marriage and womankind. Don Pedro, however, supports Claudio's interest in Hero, and tells him that he will speak to Hero and her father during the masked revels that evening. Act I, scene II A complication arises immediately when Antonio reports to Leonato that he overheard the Prince telling Claudio that he is in love with Hero. Leonato says that he'll wait to see what will happen. Act I, scene III Meanwhile Don John, Don Pedro's bastard brother, hides his hateful nature, waiting for the right moment to cause problems for his brother and Claudio, who he thinks has taken his place in his brother's affections. He hopes Claudio's desire to wed Hero will give him an occasion to cause some mischief. Act II, scene I Leonato and his daughter and niece are ready for the party to begin. While Beatrice complains that there is no man who can match her spirit, Hero obediently consents to her father's counsel to accept the Prince when he woos. All wear masks for the dance which leads to confusion and fun. Don Pedro talks to Hero privately while Benedick and Beatrice exchange insults. Meanwhile, Don John tries to cause trouble by telling Claudio that Pedro plans to wed Hero himself. Claudio thinks he has lost Hero and becomes very angry with Pedro. However, Pedro comes in to announce that he has completed the match between Hero and Claudio, and instantly Claudio's jealousy turns to joy. Now that the wedding is arranged, the Duke proposes a plan to get Beatrice and Benedick fall in love with one another. Act II, scene II Don John and Borachio hatch a scheme to thwart Claudio's marriage plans by making Hero seem unchaste. Borachio will arrange to meet with Margaret at Hero's window in the middle of the night. Thereby, he will fool the Duke and Claudio into believing that Hero is having an affair.

The Roles of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (Namis)

THE ROLES OF NIGERIAN ASSOCIATION OF MODEL ISLAMIC SCHOOLS (NAMIS) IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN OYO STATE: A CASE STUDY OF NAMIS, EGBEDA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA CHAPTER. BY SHITTU, AFUSAT OMOBONIKE (MRS) (MATRICULATION NUMBER 04/060854) BEING A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ARTS & SOCIAL SCIENCES, EMMANUEL ALAYANDE COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, OYO. IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF NIGERIA CERTIFICATE IN EDUCATION (N. C. E) JANUARY, 2009. CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this study was carried out by Shittu, Afusat Omobonike (Matriculation number 04/060854) in the Directorate of Sandwich Programmes of Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo, Oyo State. ______________________ _____________________ Alhaji S. L. Akano Date Project Supervisor ___________________ ___________________ H. O. D Date DEDICATION This project is dedicated to Almighty Allah for sparing my life from the inception of this N. C. E programme till the end of it. ACKNOWLEDGMENT All praise and adoration is due to Almighty Allah (S. W. T), the Omnipotent, Omnipresent, Omniscience, and the Fountain of knowledge for making it possible for me to complete this NCE programme. He made it a successful one despite all odds. May his infinite peace and blessing be upon our noble prophet Muhammed (S. A. W), his households, his companions, and those who follow his footstep till the day of accountablity. My profound gratitude goes to my able and dynamic supervisor in person of Alhaji S. L. Akano who made necessary corrections, constructive citicism and useful suggestion during the course of writing this project, may Allah assists him in all his endeavours (amen). I equally tender my sincere appreciation to other lecturers in the department for great task done in imparting knowledge on me while in the college, may Allah continue to guide them in all their undertakings. My sincere appreciation goes to my husband, Mr. Abdul Akeem Shittu for his encouragement and support morally, financially and his love during my course of study, may Almighty Allah be with him in all his undertakings and countinue to shower his blessing on him. I also appreciate the effort of the member of executive of NAMIS such as Mrs F. D. Ali, the Chairperson of Oyo State chapter; Mrs S. B. Ogundiran (the proprietress of Al-Hayyu group of schools) and Mr. S. K. Animasahun for their moral support and precious contributions given to me while writing this project, may Almighty Allah reward them in this world and hereafter â€Å"Jazakum Lahu khaeran† I would not forget the contributions of Mr. Abdul Wasiu Ibitoye and Mr Uthman K. Afolayan to the success of this project report, may Almighty Allah be with them in all their undertakings and reward them abundantly. Finally, my unreserved appreciation goes to my course mates and friends for their contributions in one way or the other, people like Tanimowo Baliqis, Ganiy Mariam, Adeyemo Oluwaseun, Ajani Margaret, Ojetola Nike. and others in Emmanuel Alayande College of Education (Urban Day Center) are all my nice colleagues in the college. ABSTRACT This study investigates the roles play by the Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) in the development of education in our immediate society. The study is a case study of NAMIS, Egbeda local government area chapter. The research work is subdivided into five chapters. It starts by focussing on education as a tool for development; the need, activities and organisation of NAMIS are also discussed. Review of relevant past literatures from some established authorities was subsequently carried out. Responses from respondents were captured using questionnaire; data analysis was carried out using descriptive technique, frequency counts and simple percentage. The study rounded up with summary, conclusion and recommendation for all concerned skakeholders. TABLE OF CONTENT Title page Certification ii Dedication iii Acknowledgement iv Abstract vi CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1. Background to the study 1 2. Statement of the problem 3 3. Purpose of the study 5 4. Significance of the study 6 5. Scope and limitation of the study 6 6. Operational definition of terms 7 CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEEW . 1 Meaning, goal and important of education 9 2. 2 The need for Islamic schools 10 2. 3 Roles of private schools in education 12 2. 4 NAMIS Objectives and Activities 14 2. 4. 1 NAMIS Aims and Objectives 14 2. 4. 2 Educational contributions of NAMIS 15 2. 4. 3 Religious contributions of NAMIS 16 2. 4. 4 Socio-cultural contributions of NAMIS 18 CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. 1 Population 2 0 3. 2 Sampling procedure and sampling technique 20 3. 3 Research instrument 21 3. 4 Validity and reliability of instrument 21 3. 5 Administration of instument 22 3. Method of data analysis. 22 CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS OF RESULT AND DISCUSSION. 4. 1 Analysis of demographic data 23 4. 2 Analysis of resesrch data 24 4. 2. 1 The need for Islamic schools 24 4. 2. 2 NAMIS as an organised body 26 4. 2. 3 NAMIS and Islamic schools’management relationship. 28 4. 2. 4 Roles of NAMIS to educational development. 30 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5. 1 Summary 33 5. 2 Conclusion 34 5. 3 Recommendations 34 References 36 Appendix I: Questionnaire 38 CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Education is generally accepted as a major source of development of any civilised society. Francis Bacon in his words said â€Å"Crafty men condemn studies; simple men admire them, and wise men use them†. The importance of education to the development of the society has made all concerned stakeholders to be interested in its administration, planning and dissemination to the entire populace. Religious missionaries, most especially Christian missionaries were the fore-runners of western education in Nigeria. Education was used by those organisations as tool for grassroot evangelism as well as public enlightenment. Muslim communities were faced with challenges of getting their children educated in western way without getting them converted into Christianity. Various Muslim organisations rose up to this challenge lately by establishing formal western oriented schools. Muslims are enjoined by Prophet Muhammed to â€Å"seek for knowledge from the cradle to the grave†; and even â€Å"go in quest of knowledge even unto china (edge of the earth) Various Muslim organisations realized this call to tackle the challenges facing Muslim children in the path of obtaining western (formal) education. For instance, Ansar Ud Deen Society of Nigeria, Ahmadiyya Muslim Society of Nigeria, and hosts of other Muslim organisations were early enough to tackle the challenges. Most recently, another Muslim organisation established to contribute to solution of these challenges is Nigerian Association of Model Islamic schools (NAMIS). Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) is a body comprising owners of Islamic Schools, both primary and secondary. The objective of the association is to provide qualitative education to Muslim children in accordance with the requirements of the Islamic religion. NAMIS is a voluntary non-political organisation which aims at constituting a forum of exchange of ideas and instill co-operation among private Islamically-oriented nursery, primary and secondary schools in Nigeria. NAMIS also engages in the formulation and implementation of programmes and policies aimed at assisting the regulation, growth and improvement of standards in member-schools. NAMIS serves as a mouth piece for member-schools in relation to government. Nigerian Association for Model Islamic Schools was established in 1995. The initiative originated from Hajia Aisha Lemu. It held its first national seminar in Minna, Niger state in 1997. NAMIS operates states chapters at state level and local government chapters. Oyo state chapter of NAMIS was established in 1995, while the Egbeda Local Government Area chapter was inaugurated in year 2002. The elected state coordinators are members of the National executive officers of the association. NAMIS also form committees such as monitoring committee to standardise operations of member schools; other committees are disciplinary, annual conference, teachers’ workshop, welfare and international relation. 1. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Islam offers man a complete code of life in the Quran and the sunnah (teachings of the Prophet), which if, followed wholeheartedly, will lead man towards the realization of the greatest glory that Allah has reserved for him as His vicegerent. Man needs training from his childhood both at home and in the society in order to adequately follow the code of life and attain consciousne ss of himself as Allah’s vicegerent on earth. Education should aim at a balanced growth of the personality through training of the spirit, intellect, rational, self feelings, and bodily senses of man. The training imparted to a Muslim must be such that faith is infused in the whole personality and creates in him an emotional attachment to Islam and enables him follow the complete code of life (Niaz, 1995. ) People keep historical accounts of their heritages, culture and religions through the educational system they establish for their children; they transmit their value and belief system through such institutions as schools. Keeping up with religious duties during the school days establishes a strong connection between students and their faith, and enhances possibility of practicing their religion as they grow older. In history of education in Nigeria, early schools in the southern part of the country were founded by Christian missionaries whom were allowed by the British colonial power to set up mission schools, government schools also were generally Christian-oriented. Lemu (2002) writes that any Muslim student in these schools would be forces to study Bible knowledge and in most cases attend church. Conversion was frequently a condition for admission. No teacher was provided for Islamic studies. All the aforementioned problems gave rise to the establishment of private Islamic schools for Muslims in the South-Western part of Nigeria. These Muslim schools faced initial challenges like getting government approval through registration, fashioning out of competent educational-curriculum and syllabi that will infuse their belief in the regular curriculum. Other challenges being faced by these schools are infrastructural inadequacies, administrative bottlenecks and general acceptability. NAMIS was established as controlling and collaborating body for all Muslim-oriented schools. This study focuses on the ability, capability and competence of this organisation in performing her primary assignment. 1. 3PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The main purpose of this study is to investigate and examine the contributions of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic schools (NAMIS) to the development of education in Egbeda Local Government of Oyo State. The research work, precisely, has the following objectives: a) To evaluate the contributions of NAMIS in upgrading standard of education of Muslim schools in Egbeda Local Government. ) To assess the commitment of founders of these Muslim schools towards funding of the established schools. c) To compare the existing Muslim schools with other conventional (and non-Islamic missionary) schools with respect to infrastructural resources, man power and academic performance. d) To examine problems confronting NAMIS as a body. e) To establish constraints affecting Muslim schools towards discharge of high and quality academic standard. f) To sugg est possible solutions for future success and remedy for prevention of existing problems in the future. . 4SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY The findings from this study will provide statistical assessment on the roles of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) in the development of education. The outcome of this work will enlighten the general public of the activities and focus of NAMIS towards quality academic standards. The research will also enable founders of Muslim schools to further understand the importance of their unrelenting contributions towards better control and funding of their schools. The work is expected to enlighten NAMIS leadership of the problems confronting the association and suggest possible solutions to the issues. In addition, the research will arouse the interest of wealthy Muslims towards the establishment of more schools to serve the needs of numerous Muslim populace. The output of the research will be of usage to the generalities of Muslims in particular and Nigerians in general. It will be useful for all stakeholders in education such as parents, teachers, students, educational policy makers, school administrators and the likes. 1. SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY Due to limited time constraints and financial incapability of the researcher, all schools cannot be consulted with respect to the research study and collection of data. The scope of the study shall be some selected NAMIS member-schools in Egbeda Local Government. Some of these selected schools are: a) Al-Hayyu Nursery and Primary school, Olaogun, Ibadan. b) Ar-Rosheed Nursery and Primary school, Gbagi, Ibadan. c) Noble Foundation School, Gbelu, off Olode/Adekola, New Ife road, Ibadan. d) Assalam Nursery and Primary school, Alarere, Ibadan. ) Pillars of Islam Comprehensive school (PICOS), Oloya, Monatan. Eighty (80) respondents shall be contacted for data collection from these selected schools comprising of forty (40) teachers, twenty (20) parents (or guardians) and twenty (20) members of schools management boards. The study shall be limited to the roles of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) to the development of education in Egbeda Local Governemtn Area of Oyo State. 6. OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS Association: A society of people joined together for a particular purpose. Model: A person or thing that can serve as a perfect example or pattern, worthy to be followed or copied. Education: Systematic procedure for the transfer and transformation of culture, through formal or informal training of people in a society. It deals with the mental, physical, psychological and social development of the citizens in a given society. Development: Growth integrated with economic, scientific, political and home based technological expansion. Islam: The religion of peace which means the way of achieving total submission of ourselves to God. Muslim: Adherent of Islam. Literally, Muslim means one who submits himself or herself to the commandment and will of Almighty God (Allah). School: An institution for the instruction (and education) of children or other people. Egbeda Local Government: This is one of the thirty-three local governments of Oyo State. Its headquarter is located in Egbeda. There are eleven wards in the local government and it is geographically surrounded by Lagelu, Ona-Ara, and Ibadan North-East Local Governments of Oyo State on one part and Osun State on another part. CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 1. MEANING, GOAL AND IMPORTANCE OF EDUCATION Kellerman (1980) defines education as the process of teaching and training of the child. It is the imparting or acquisition of skills for a particular trade or profession in which applicable methods are used. Fafunwa (1983) views education as all positive efforts, conscious and direct, incidental and indirect, made by a given society to accomplish certain objectives that are considered desirable in terms of the individual’s needs as well as the needs of the society where the programme is based. Education is therefore, a systematic procedure for the transfer and transformation of culture, through formal or informal training of people in a society. It deals with mental, physical, psychological and social development of the citizens in a given society. The goal of education is manpower development, aimed at national growth integrated with economic, scientific, political and home based technological expansion. However, development may be difficult in poor countries without qualitative and quantitative education. In her desire to achieve meaningful educational development of the country, the Federal Government of Nigeria through her National Policy on education (2004) prescribes two major goals for formal education. The first goal is to civilize and enlighten every individual to lead the good life in society as a citizen of Nigeria while harmonizing with and sharing in the world’s cultural heritage. The second goal is to equip every individual with the skills and job competencies for gainful employment. Education has enabled man to conquer the nature around him and invent certain gadgets for his convenient use. Man has been able to improve his quality of food, clothing and shelter through education. The improved quality of life can be seen in area of transportation, health care delivery, industrialisation, etc. 2. THE NEED FOR ISLAMIC SCHOOLS A fundamental function of formal education advocated by National Policy on Education (2004) is to produce a knowledge based work force for national development. However, this function was not addressed in totality by the system of education introduced by the missionary during the pre-independence period of Nigeria. Oghuvbu (2007) affirmed that Muslim education came into Nigeria by over 300 years before the arrival of Christian education around the 1840’s. However, Muslim education was retarded because education in the middle of the 19th century in Nigeria tended to mean Bible Knowledge, Christian ethics, Christian moral instructions, Christian literature, some arithmetic, language and crafts; directed towards the production of good Christians (Fafunwa, 1975) The goals of Christian missions Education was to produce teachers to assist in the teaching of the gospel and commercial activities. According to Boyd (1975:418), â€Å"the Church undertook the business of education not because it regarded education as good in itself, but because it found that it could not do its own proper work without giving its adherents, and especially its clergy, as much of the formal learning as was required for the study of the sacred writings and for the performance of their religious duties†. Furthermore, Bowen (1857:17) an early missionary, in Ejiogu (1988:3) stated that â€Å"we desire to establish the Gospel in the hearts and minds and social life of the people, so that truth and righteousness may remain and flourish among them. This cannot be done without civilization. To establish the Gospel among any people, they must have Bible†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ they must read the Bible and this implies formal instruction (i. e. education)†. The early system of formal western education in Nigeria was, hence, aimed at achieving selfish ends in religion and trade. Lemu (2006) positioned that â€Å"the western education system had then negative effects of the secularization and de-Islamization of young Muslim generations, as most of the graduates of this educational system became the potential victims of secular culture. The Muslim community was faced with the challenge of getting their children educated (in western system) without getting them converted into Christianity. Muslims also wanted their children to be taught Islamic education alongside the western system of education. Some Muslim organisations rose up to this challenge, one of such is Ansar-Ud-Deen. The Muslim organisation was established in 1923 for t he purpose of educational development of Muslims and also as a body to enhance the moral and social development of the Muslim community. (Wikipedia, 2008). 3. ROLES OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS IN EDUCATION. Government has been largely responsible for the provision of education in Nigeria. There has been a tremendous public sector participation in educational provision in the country (Emunemu, 2008). Public funding of education includes direct government expenditure (for buildings, teachers’ salaries and instructional materials) as well as indirect expenditures in form of subsides to households such as tax reductions, scholarships, loans and grants. There have been many cases of increase in active demand for education pioneered by an increasing number of children, youths’ and adults’ need. Government alone cannot meet these demands; there is need, therefore, for a greater community and civil society participation in providing, managing and funding education. The issue of quality of educational output has been a matter of serious concern not only to the public but also the private sector. The private sector for primary and secondary education has been growing for the past two decades. The proliferation of private schools has been attributed by Emunemu (2008) to the widespread loss of public confidence in public primary and secondary education. The success recorded by private participation at primary and econdary schools levels inspired the Federal Government of Nigeria to lift ban on the establishment of private universities in 1993. Private schools provide helping hand for government in its effort to achieve education for all. Private schools provide qualitative education by employing competent teachers through the fees parents are being charged. They provide adequate amenities needed for effective discharge of educational services such as libraries, laboratories, classrooms. In rounding up, private participation in education improves effectiveness in a cost effective manner and without compromising equity. Private participation encourages the public sector to improve the quality and efficiency of public schools. Competition among providers of services can lower costs and improve responsiveness to the needs of consumers. However, there is a need for a coordinated and focused response particularly as regards partnerships and collaborations in the private sector. The Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) is the coordinating body to institute partnerships and collaborations among private Islamic Schools in Nigeria. 2. 4NAMIS OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES NAMIS as an association of many Islamic Schools is guided by a constituted mission and vision which encompasses its aims and objectives. The association also shoulders some activities and responsibilities towards educational, religious and socio-cultural engagements in pursuit of its vision and mission. 2. 4. 1NAMIS AIMS AND OBJECTIVES According to NAMIS Constitution, the following are the aims and objectives of the association: (a)To propagate Islam in our schools (b)To constitute a form for the exchange of ideas and to steer cooperation among private Islamic Schools. c)To engage in the formulation and implementation of programmes and policies aimed at assisting the regulation, growth and improvement of standards in member schools. (d)To serve as a mouth piece for member schools in relation to government. (e)To establish peaceful co-existence between both Muslim and Non-Muslim schools. (f)To encourage achievement of a world accepted standard for Islamically oriented schools. (g)To c onnect (and inspire) owners of model Islamic schools in Nigeria in order to place so much premium on the education and spiritual development. (h)To prepare young Muslims for future challenges. i)To fulfill Muslims first objective in life which is to fruitfully serve the creator (Allah) in our schools. (j)NAMIS is committed to the achievement peace and harmony towards the development of our community and Nigeria. 2. 4. 2EDUCATIONAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF NAMIS In order to impart knowledge to the young generation, NAMIS focuses its attention most on education. Some of its educational activities are discussed here. 2. 4. 2. 1 Workshops and Seminars NAMIS organises workshops and seminars on various aspects of school administration for teachers and owners of schools. Regular workshops and seminars are held to update knowledge of participants. NAMIS also recommends textbooks and teaching methods to Islamic Schools to meet the required standard in the society. 2. 4. 2. 2 Aisha Lemu Quiz Competition NAMIS conducts an annual inter school quiz competition among NAMIS registered schools. The competition which starts at local government chapters to state chapters and finally to national level features subjects like English Language, Mathematics, Sciences and Islamic Studies. 2. 4. 2. 3 NAMIS Joint Mock Examination NAMIS at local government levels organise an annual joint mock examination to prepare their final-year primary school pupils for entrance examinations into secondary schools. Egbeda local government chapter held its last 2007/2008 session join mock examination at Al-Hayyu Nursery and Primary School Olaogun where many member schools participated. 2. 4. 2. 4 Inspection and Visitation to Schools An inspection committee is set up at local government chapter level by NAMIS to inspect and monitor the academic operations of member schools. During the visitation, the committee identifies lapses and recommends solutions to the problems in order to ensure the upliftment of the standard of the school being visited. The monitoring committee also serves as an agent of awareness among member schools. 2. 4. 3RELIGIOUS CONTRIBUTION OF NAMIS NAMIS inculcates the teaching of Islamic knowledge into the curricula of its member schools. Prominent among religious activities (and roles) of NAMIS are as follow: 2. 4. 3. 1Teaching of Islamic Studies, Arabic, Quran and Dawah as Subjects in Schools. NAMIS schools’ managements are enjoined to include these subjects separately on their time table. This will enable students to gain more knowledge on Islamic education along with the Western education. 2. 4. 3. 2. Annual Quran Competition NAMIS organises annual Quran quiz competition to test their students’ knowledge about Quran recitation and memorization. The Competition is held at local government level, State level and national level. The winners are awarded prizes to motivate other students. 2. 4. 3. 3. Observation of Daily Prayers at School In accordance to the commandment of Almighty Allah which stipulates that Muslims (believers) should observe their respective prayers at the appointed time (Quran, Chapter 4 verse 103); NAMIS schools provide period for observation of prayers (solat). The two afternoon prayers (Zuhr and Asr) are to be offered in the schools by students and their teachers. 2. 4. 3. 4. Islamic Moral Teachings in Schools. NAMIS enjoins its members to lay emphasis on Dawah (moral and religious propagation) teaching. The teacher will be teaching Dawah as a subject. Lectures and Sermons are given to students during the school assembly period. 2. 4. 4SOCIO CULTURAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF NAMIS Some of the activities of NAMIS in area of Socio cultural contributions are as follow: 2. 4. 4. 1 Art Exhibition, Cultural and Drama Display. NAMIS organises competition on art exhibition, drama and cultural display whereby various art works of schools are displayed. Song and rhymes are also performed during the competition which comes up along with Aisha Lemu Competition. The winner and the best actor or actresses are awarded prizes. 2. 4. 4. NAMIS Eid-el-Kabir and Hijrah get-together A get-together forum is organised annually by NAMIS to bring all Muslim children together to celebrate Muslim sacrificial festival (eid-el-kabir) and the Muslim new year (Hijrah). The get-together features events like match past, Islamic songs, rhyme and drama. Lecture is also delivered by notable Islamic scholar. 3. Children Day Celebration Nigeria government declares holiday annu ally on 27th of May for children day. NAMIS gathers school pupils together to celebrate the event on the particular day whereby match past, sing songs and lectures take place. . NAMIS Youth Camp Muslim students are invited into camp by NAMIS during the Yuletide (Christmas) period to educate them on Islamic teachings and develop them spiritually. The camp imbibes in the participants the spirit of living together with other pupils from other schools. The youth camp features lectures, quiz, video shows and other Islamic teachings. CHAPTER THREE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3. 1POPULATION The study focuses on the roles of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) in the development of education in Oyo State of Nigeria, it ses NAMIS Egbada Local Government Area chapter as the case study. The population of the study comprises of privately owned Islamic schools in Egbeda Local Government. In order to adequately evaluate the roles of NAMIS, some of such schools were selected for the pur pose of data collection. 2. SAMPLING PROCEDURE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE The study selected the following schools which are under the umbrella of NAMIS in the course of data collection: a. Al-Hayyu Nursery and Primary School, Olaogun b. Ar-Rasheed Nursery And Primary Schools, Gbagi c. Noble Foundation School, Gbelu, Off Olode/Adekola d. Assalam Nursery and Primary School, Alarere e. Pillars of Islam Comprehensive School (PICOS) Oloya, Monatan. Eighty (80) respondents were selected from these schools comprising of forty (40) teachers, twenty (20) parents or guardians, and twenty (20) members of schools management boards. The simple random sampling technique was used to select the needed respondents from the chosen schools. 3. 3RESEARCH INSTRUMENT Structured questionnaire was the research instrument used to gather reliable information from the sample drawn. The questionnaire was made up of two sections A and B. Section A captures the respondent’s personal data information. Section B comprises of eighteen (18) instrumental questions carefully designed to ascertain the roles of NAMIS in the educational development of Oyo State taking Egbeda Local Government area as a case study. Section B was designed on two point like scale, seeking the respondent’s feeling to each particular items which was either agree (true) or disagree (false). Respondents were simply required to tick the appropriate column indicating their feelings. . 4VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF INSTRUMENT Some steps were carried out in order to ensure that the research data collection instrument (that is, the questionnaire) adequately measure what it is meant to measure and make it reliable and relevant to the research work at hand. The questionnaire was exposed to the thorough scrutiny and constructive criticisms by the project supervisor and other research experts. Necessary corrections and amendments were done before the final authentication and approval of the instrument by the supervisor. 3. 5ADMINISTRATION OF INSTRUMENT Visitations were made to the selected schools in the local government area of study to administer the questionnaire and to carry out other relevant investigations. The questionnaire were distributed and collected back immediately after their completion by respondents. The researcher was assisted by the teachers of the visiting schools in the course of administration of the questionnaire. 3. 6METHOD OF DATA ANALYSIS The analysis of the data obtained from the questionnaire was carried out using descriptive analysis technique, frequency counts and simple percentage. These statistical methods were employed to reflect the respondents’ opinions in the questionnaire (shown in the appendix). CHAPTER FOUR DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS OF RESULT AND DISCUSSION This chapter focuses on presentation and analysis of data collected and discussion of the major findings of the study. The findings are presented in tabular form; sample percentage format coupled with discussion are made. 4. 1ANALYSIS OF DEMOGRAPHIC DATA Table 1: Distribution of respondents by relationship to the school. RELATIONSHIP |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Teacher |40 |50 | |Parent (or guardian) |20 |25 | |Management |20 |25 | |Total |80 |100 | The table shows that majority of respondents (50%) are teachers. A quarter 25% of category of respondents are parents (or guardians), and same proportion of respondents are management. This frequency distribution shows that teachers were more available than other categories of respondents in the course of research instrument administration. Furthermore, teachers are in best position to judge the roles of NAMIS in the education development in the educational system. 4. 2ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH DATA The findings of this study are grouped into four sections representing the need for Islamic schools; impact of NAMIS as an organised body; impact of school management; and effects of NAMIS to educational development. 4. 2. 1THE NEED FOR ISLAMIC SCHOOLS This point shall be determined by considering responses to questions 1,2,14, and 15 of section B of the questionnaire. Table 2: Frequency distribution table of response on conversion of Muslims in the course of acquiring western education in colonial missionary schools. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |78 |97. 5 | |Disagree |2 |2. 5 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 3: Frequency distribution table of response on the need for the establishment of Islamic schools by Muslim community. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |80 |100 | |Disagree |0 |0 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 4: Frequency distribution table of response on the adequacy of Islamic schools now. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |13 |16. 25 | |Disagree |67 |83. 75 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 5: Frequency distribution table of response on NAMIS encouragement of Muslim philanthropies and associations to establish more Islamic schools. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |70 |87. 5 | |Disagree |10 |12. | |Total |80 |100 | Tables 2 to 5 reveal that majority of respondents agreed that Muslims were converted to other religions in the course of acquiring western education in colonial missionary schools. There is hence, the need for the establishing of Islamic schools by Muslim community as there is insufficient of those schools now. NAMIS is noted by majority for her effort in encouraging Muslim philanthropies and associations to establish more Islamic schools. 4. 2. 2NAMIS AS AN ORGANISED BODY This point shall be judged by considering responses to questions 3, 11, 16 and 18 of section B of the questionnaire. Table 6: Frequency distribution table of response on awareness of NAMIS existence |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |True |74 |92. | |False | 6 |7. 5 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 7: Frequency distribution table of response on NAMIS laying of emphasis on teaching of only Islamic related subjects in their member schools. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |36 |45 | |Disagree |44 |55 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 8: Frequency distribution table of response on sufficiency of funding of NAMIS to carry out its required activities. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |37 |46. 25 | |Disagree |43 |53. 75 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 9: Frequency distribution table of response on necessity of all Islamic s chools to be members of NAMIS. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |77 |96. 25 | |Disagree |3 |3. 75 | |Total |80 |100 | All tables in this section expose the awareness, operation and relationship of NAMIS with respect to coordination of activities of Islamic schools. Majority of respondents are aware of NAMIS, they do not agree that NAMIS emphasises the teaching of only Islamic related subjects in their members schools. NAMIS is not adequately funded to carry out its required activities as opined by majority of respondents. The greater number of respondents (77) agreed that all Islamic schools should be members of NAMIS. 4. 2. 3NAMIS AND ISLAMIC SCHOOLS MANAGEMENT RELATIONSHIP Responses to questions 5, 13, and 17 of section B of the questionnaire will be used to decide on the level of relationship between NAMIS and management of Islamic schools. Table 10: Frequency distributions table of response on full implementation of NAMIS regulative guidelines in Islamic school. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |72 |90 | |Disagree |8 |10 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 11: Frequency distribution table of response on adequate funding of Islamic schools by the management to ensure better performance of pupils. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |75 |93. 75 | |Disagree |5 |6. 5 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 12: Frequency distribution table of response on membership of NAMIS by Islamic schools. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE (%) | |Agree |77 |96. 25 | |Disagree |3 |3. 5 | |Total |80 |100 | The tables in this section illustrate the relationship between management of Islamic schools and NAMIS. Greater number of respondents agreed that these schools are executing NAMIS regulative guidelines fully. Also, majority agrees that there is adequate financial commitment on these schools by their managements to enhance pupils’ performance. A lot of existing Muslim schools are members of NAMIS. . 2. 4ROLES OF NAMIS TO EDUCATIONAL DEVELOPMENT Respondents examined the specific roles of National Association of Model Islamic schools (NAMIS) in their answers to questions 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 12. Table 13: Frequency Distribution table of response on NAMIS increasing the religious awareness of pupils and personnel of Islamic schools. |OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE | |Agree |77 |96. 5 | |Disagree | 3 | 3. 75 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 14: Frequency Distribution table of response on contribution of NAMIS to the elevation of educational standards of Islamic schools. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE | |Agree |76 |95 | |Disagree | 4 | 5 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 15: Frequency Distribution table of response on relevancy of NAMIS organised events to the upliftment of academic standard and socio-cultural understanding of pupils. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE | |Agree |76 |95 | |Disagree |4 |5 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 16: Frequency Distribution table of response on effective coordination of religious activities of Muslim schools by NAMIS. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE | |Agree |74 |92. 5 | |Disagree |6 |7. 5 | |Total |80 |100 | Table 17: Frequency Distribution table of response on enhancement of performance of Islamic schools with NAMIS coordination. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE | |Agree |69 |86. 25 | |Disagree |11 |13. 75 | |Total |80 |100 | Table18: Frequency Distribution table of response on achievement of required level of academic standard obtainable at non-Islamic schools by Islamic schools. OPINION |FREQUENCY |PERCENTAGE | |Agree |68 |85 | |Disagree |12 |15 | |Total |80 |100 | Tables analysed in this section illustrate the contribution of NAMIS to educational development of the society through its coordination of Islamic schools. Majority of respondents agreed as follow: i) NAMIS increases the religious awareness of the pupils and personnel of Islamic schools. ii) NAMIS contributes to the upliftment of educational standards of its member schools iii) Events organised by NAMIS are relevant to the elevation of academic standard and socio-cultural understanding of pupils. v) NAMIS coordinates religious activities of Muslim schools effectively. This and other activities make performance of these schools enhanced to the extent that academic standard obtainable at non-Islamic schools are now achievable at NAMIS schools. CHAPTER FIVE SUMMARY, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5. 1 SUMMARY This study aimed at investigating the contribution of Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) to the development of education in Egbeda local government area of Oyo state in particular and Nigeria in general. In the course of the study, issues relating to the need for Islamic schools, activities of NAMIS relating to coordination of these schools and upliftment of academic standard and socio-cultural understanding of pupils were examined. The result of the data analysed earlier specifically reveals the following salient points. i) There is need for establishment of more Islamic schools as the existing number now is insufficient to cater for academic and socio-cultural education of Muslim children. ii) While NAMIS is trying a lot to uplift academic standard of Muslim schools, it is still being confronted with funding problem. ii) NAMIS ensures that Islamic schools are adequately funded by their owners and that pupils have sound academic and religious understanding. iv) NAMIS facilitates the achievement of required level of academic standard by Islamic schools obtainable in any good non-Islamic school. 5. 2 CONCLUSION The researcher, basing her opinion on findings in the course of this resea rch, concludes that Nigerian Association of Model Islamic schools (NAMIS) plays crucial roles to the development of education in Egbeda local government area of Oyo State in particular and Nigeria as a country. Development of education involves growth integrated with scientific, political and technological expansion encompassed in the process of teaching and training of children. This is unachievable without contribution of well focused private bodies such as NAMIS. The body immensely contributes to the development of education in the society through the coordination and indirect management of Islamic schools. 5. 3. RECOMMENDATIONS In view of the findings derived from this research work, the under listed recommendations are proffered by the researcher. ) NAMIS should ensure that there is wider publicity and awareness about the association among Muslim schools in each local government and get them involved in the participation of her activities. b) Private schools should be viewed as participating partner in the course of educational development by the government. There should, hence, be a reduction or cancellation of registration and annual renewal fees and other levies collected from them by the government. ) Muslim parents should be informed about the gain and benefit awaiting their children by registering them in Muslim schools whereby Islamic education can be combined with western education. d) There should be call for mutual cooperation among the management, teachers and parents for the progress of our Islamic schools. e) There should be more call and encouragement for the establishment of Muslim schools due to the inadequate number of operating ones now to cater for the large population of Muslim children. ) The researcher finally suggests that related studies should be carried out on a wider population and society. REFERENCES 1. Akanbi, G. O. et al (2005), â€Å"History of Education†, Foundational Courses in Education I. Oyo: B&K Publishers. 2. Alli Faozeyah (2007, January 18th), â€Å"NAMIS at a Glance†. Address of the Oyo State president of NAMIS at the Annual Ileya Children Get-together at BCOS, Ibadan. 3. Boyd, W. and E. J. King (1989), The Hi story of Western Education. London: Black. 4. Ejiogu, A. M. (1988), Landmarks in Educational Development in Nigeria. Lagos: Joja Educational Research and Publishers Ltd. . Emunemu, Benedict O. (2008), â€Å"Private Sector Participation In Education And Skills Development In Nigeria†. Online reference paper on internet. 6. Fafunwa, A. B. (1975), History of Education in Nigeria. London: George Allen and Unwin Ltd. 7. Fafunwa, A. B. (1983), Development of Education in Nigeria, Trends and Issues in Nigerian Education. Ife: University of Ife Press Ltd. 8. Hornby, A. S. (2003), Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary Of Current English. New York: Oxford University Press. 9. IBERR, International Board of Education Research and Resources (2004), Vision For Muslim Schools. Cape Town: IBERR Publishers. 10. IBERR (2004), The Concept of Islamisation. Cape Town: IBERR Publishers. 11. Ibitoye, Q. A. (2008), â€Å"The Status Of Students’ Motivation In Teaching And Learning Of Islamic Studies In Some Selected Secondary Schools: A Case Study Of Ibadan S. E. Local Government†. Unpublished NCE thesis at Emmanuel Alayande College of Education, Oyo. 12. Kellerman, D. F. (1980), The Lexicon Webster Dictionary. U. S. A: Delair Pub. Company Inc. 13. NAMIS (2000), â€Å"Nigerian Association of Model Islamic Schools (NAMIS) Constitutions†. Ibadan: Peace Compuprint. 14. Ogbuvbu, Enamiroro (2007), â€Å"Education, Poverty And Development In Nigeria: The Way Forward In The 21st Century† in European Journal of Social Sciences. Online reference paper on internet. 15. Raimi S. O, et al (2003), Education, Healthy Living and National Development. Lagos: SIBIS Ventures. 16. Wikipedia (2008), â€Å"Ansar Ud Deen Society of Nigeria†. Online reference paper on internet. Appendix I: Questionnaire ROLES OF NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF MODEL ISLAMIC SCHOOLS (NAMIS) IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATION IN OYO STATE: A CASE STUDY OF NAMIS, EGBEDA LOCAL GOVERNMENT CHAPTER. QUESTIONNAIRE Dear Respondent, The questionnaire is designed to identify the roles of NAMIS in the development of education in Oyo state taking Egbeda Local Government as the case study. Please give correct and accurate responses, your responses shall be treated with confidentiality. Briefly state or tick your view where appropriate. Thank you. SECTION A 1. Name of your school (of your child or where you teach or manage): †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. .. .. †¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2. The local government where the school is located: †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. . Your relationship with the school: Teacher Parent (or guardian) Management. SECTION B Instruction : Tick agree (true) or disagree (false) as appropriate to your view. |S/No. |Question |Agree (True) |Disagree (False) | |1. |A lot of Muslims were converted to other religions in the course of acquiring western | | | | |education during the pre-colonial era in missionary schools. | | | |2. Muslim community needs the establishment of Islamic schools. | | | |3. |Are you aware of NAMIS existence? | | | |4. |NAMIS encourages Islamic schools to provide adequate teaching facilities and personnel | | | | |in their schools | | | |5. |My school management implements NAMIS regulative guidelines fully in the school | | | |6. NAMIS increases religious awareness of pupils and personnel of Islamic schools | | | |7. |NAMIS contributes to the elevation of standards of education of Islamic schools | | | |8. |Events organized by NAMIS are very relevant to the upliftment of academic standard and | | | | |socio-cultural understanding of pupils | | | |9. |NAMIS coordinates religious activities of Muslim schools effectively | | | |10. Islamic schools perform better under NAMIS coordination than before the association | | | | |came into existence | | | |11. |NAMIS lays emphasis on teaching of Islamic related subjects only in their member | | | | |schools | | | |12. Islamic schools achieve required level of academic standard obtainable at other | | | | |non-Islamic schools | | | |13. |The management of my school fund it adequately to ensure better performances of pupils | | | |14. |There is enough number of Islamic schools now | | | |15. NAMIS encourages Muslim philanthropies and associations to establish more Islamic | | | | |schools | | | |16. |NAMIS is adequately funded to carry out its required activities | | | |17. |Is your school a member of NAMIS? | | | |18. |All Islamic schools should be members of NAMIS. | | |